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The ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia,〔Budapest Declaration and Geneva Declaration on Ethnic Cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia between 1992 and 1993 adopted by the OSCE and recognized as ethnic cleansing in 1994 and 1999〕〔The Guns of August 2008, Russia's War in Georgia, Svante Cornell & Frederick Starr, p 27〕〔Anatol Lieven, "Victorious Abkhazian Army Settles Old Scores in An Orgy of Looting, The Times, 4 October 1993〕〔In Georgia, Tales of Atrocities Lee Hockstander, International Herald Tribune, 22 October 1993〕〔The Human Rights Field Operation: Law, Theory and Practice, Abkhazia Case, Michael O'Flaherty〕〔The Politics of Religion in Russia and the New States of Eurasia, Michael Bourdeaux, p. 237–238〕〔Managing Conflict in the Former Soviet Union: Russian and American Perspectives, Alekseĭ Georgievich Arbatov, p. 388〕〔On Ruins of Empire: Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Former Soviet Union Georgiy I. Mirsky, p. 72〕〔Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties by Roger Kaplan, p 564〕〔Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus, p 174〕 also known as the massacres of Georgians in Abkhazia〔Chervonnaia, Svetlana Mikhailovna. ''Conflict in the Caucasus: Georgia, Abkhazia, and the Russian Shadow.'' Gothic Image Publications, 1994.〕〔Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Soviet Union, Svante E. Cornell〕 and genocide of Georgians in Abkhazia ((グルジア語:ქართველთა გენოციდი აფხაზეთში)) (according to Georgian sources)〔Tamaz Nadareishvili, Conspiracy Against Georgia, Tbilisi, 2002〕 — refers to the ethnic cleansing,〔Human Rights Watch Helsinki, Vol 7, No 7, March 1995, p 230〕 massacres〔Crossroads and Conflict: Security and Foreign Policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia, Gary K. Bertsch, Page 161〕 and forced mass expulsion of thousands of ethnic Georgians living in Abkhazia during the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict of 1992–1993 and 1998 at the hands of Abkhaz separatists and their allies (possibly, including volunteers from Russia).〔〔Cornell Svante. Autonomy and Conflict: Ethnoterritoriality and Separatism in South Caucasus-Cases in Georgia, p 181〕〔〔Goltz Thomas. Georgia Diary: A Chronicle of War and Political Chaos in the Post-Soviet (United States: M.E. Sharpe 2006), p 133〕〔Chervonnaia Svetlana. Conflict in the Caucasus: Georgia, Abkhazia, and the Russian Shadow, p 59〕 Armenians, Greeks, Russians and moderate Abkhaz were also killed.〔Conflict in the Caucasus: Georgia, Abkhazia, and the Russian Shadow by S. A. Chervonnaia and Svetlana Mikhailovna Chervonnaia, pp 12–13〕 Roughly 200,000 to 250,000 Georgian civilians became Internally displaced persons (IDPs).〔(Abkhazia Today. ) ''The International Crisis Group''. ''Europe Report N°176 – 15 September 2006'', page 23. ''Free registration needed to view full report''〕 The ethnic cleansing and massacres of Georgians has been officially recognized by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) conventions in 1994, 1996 and again in 1997 during the Budapest, Lisbon and Istanbul summits and condemned the "perpetrators of war crimes committed during the conflict."〔(Resolution of the OSCE Budapest Summit ), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, 1994-12-06〕 On May 15, 2008, the United Nations General Assembly adopted (by 14 votes to 11, with 105 abstentions) a resolution A/RES/62/249 in which it "Emphasizes the importance of preserving the property rights of refugees and internally displaced persons from Abkhazia, Georgia, including victims of reported "ethnic cleansing", and calls upon all Member States to deter persons under their jurisdiction from obtaining property within the territory of Abkhazia, Georgia in violation of the rights of returnees".〔(A/RES/62/249, A/62/PV.97 )〕 The UN Security Council passed a series of resolutions in which it appealed for a cease-fire.〔Commonwealth and Independence in Post-Soviet Eurasia Commonwealth and Independence in Post-Soviet Eurasia by Bruno Coppieters, Alekseĭ Zverev, Dmitriĭ Trenin, p 61〕 ==Background== :''See also Demographics of Abkhazia'' Prior to the 1992 War, Georgians made up nearly half of Abkhazia's population, while less than one-fifth of the population was Abkhaz. In contrast, in 1926 the two populations were nearly balanced at around one-third each, with Russians, Armenians and Greeks constituting the remainder. Large-scale immigration of Georgians, Russians and Armenians allowed their respective populations to balloon; while the Abkhaz population had not even doubled by 1989, the Georgian population had nearly quadrupled from 67,494 to 239,872, the Armenian population had tripled and the Russian population had sextupled.〔(Population censuses in Abkhazia: 1886, 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2003 ) 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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